Thursday, 5 May 2016

What should the role of the United Nation be? Discuss

Vanessa:
What is United Nations (UN) ?
The real question is, should the United Nation control the Avengers? I understand innocents were killed while heroes are saving the day, but do you agree when the Secretary of State approaches the Avengers team about signing an agreement that would make them beholden to the United Nations? Politics and superheroes, really? That sounds like a lot of paper work need to be done.
I’m just joking (hahahah). Now back to the topic, first of all what is United Nation?
            In 1945 when World War II is over, many nations were destroyed and the world wanted peace. Hence, the United Nations was found as an international organization. As of today, the U.N. is made up of 193 Member States and of course Malaysia is one of them. The mission of the United Nations are guided by the purpose and principles contained in its founding Charter. The U.N. is unique and it has a lot of powers vested in the Charter, that allow United Nations to take action on the issues confronting humanity in the 21st century, the issues include peace, security, climate change, sustainable development, human rights, gender equality, terrorism, disarmament, humanitarian, health emergencies, governance, food production and much more. 
            When dealing with the issues as mentioned above, the United Nations will provide a forum for its members to state and express their opinion and views in the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, and other bodies and committees. With such communication and discussion between its members, and by hosting negotiations, the United Nations has become a mechanism for governments to find areas that majority of members can agree on, come out with solutions and solve the problems together.
            Other than that, the United Nations system is also made up of the U.N. itself and many other programmes, funds, and specialized agencies, all with their own membership, leadership, and budget. The programmes and funds are financed through voluntary rather than assessed contributions. The Specialized Agencies are independent international organizations funded by both voluntary and assessed contributions. Some of their most important programmes and funds include The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) where they work in nearly 170 countries and territories to help eradicate poverty, reduce inequalities and build resilience. The purpose is to help these countries achieve the Sustainable Development Goals and UNDP plays a vital role. The other programmes example is The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and they focus on children by providing long-term humanitarian and development assistance to children and mothers.
 Syafiqah:
Role of United Nations
The United Nation was established in 1946 and is responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security. It is one of six principal organs of the UN and is generally viewed as the apex of the UN system although its powers and functions are separate to the UN Secretary-General. The Council’s powers include the establishment of peacekeeping and special political missions, authorisation of military enforcement action, the imposition of international sanctions on member states, and the ability to refer matters to the International Criminal Court (ICC). It is the only body in the UN system that can make decisions that are legally binding on all members (China&UN, n.d.).
To retain international peace and security has been the prime responsibility of the UN. During about 64 years of its existence, it has done a valuable work in this direction. It has done a fairly good amount of work in the settlement of several controversies, which could have posed serious threats to the world peace. Along with it, the UN has contributed greatly in the field of decolonization, human rights, disarmament (Your Article Library, n.d.).
The Council also has an important role in the governance of the UN system. It has responsibility for approving the admission of new member states to the UN, the appointment of the UN Secretary-General and senior UN officials, and is jointly responsible with the UN General Assembly for the election of judges to the International Court of Justice.
The Council has unique responsibility and decision making powers and has a range of tools at its disposal. When faced with a potential conflict, the first response of the Council is to recommend to the parties that they reach agreement through peaceful means. The Council may appoint, or ask the UN Secretary General to appoint, special representatives to assist and guide efforts towards conflict resolution. In cases where conflict is occurring, the Council may issue ceasefire directives, send in UN peacekeeping forces or use enforcement actions, such as sanctions (united nation peacekeeping, n.d.).
With or without agreement of national governments, the Council can take steps to protect civilians caught in the conflict, for example by allowing access across national borders for humanitarian organisations. The Council can direct Government’s to limit stockpiling of certain weapons or disarm, for example by nuclear non-proliferation and destruction of chemical weapons. The Council’s day-to-day functions include the review of UN peacekeeping operations, consultations on specific country situations and monitoring the implementation of UN sanctions regimes through the work of its sanctions committees (united nation peacekeeping, n.d.).   
 Susan:


Principles of UN:
The world we living nowadays is one of promise and of risks. The spread of liberty and democracy, free markets and trade and the era of technology advanced, are where the promise is lying. There are various dangers and risks that must be faced –new forms of terrorism and the prospering of weapons of mass destruction. The members of United Nations embrace several vital principles to deal with the peril head on. (Kim, 2003) figured out the fundamental principles that UN hold for their long term goal.
  • Responsibility
UN has urged every members or nations which are its member, to carefully consider the world’s future, which is most possibly coming with terrorism and proliferation. As a part of the international community, UN has appealed to every member in order to assist the prevention effort. The Secretary-General as the commission of UN would examine the threats caused by terrorists and weapons of mass destruction and enforce the collection action.

·                  Accountability
Regardless of permanent or elected members of the community, accountability ideally requested that membership only entitled to those who are willing to carry the burdens. UN support exploring ways to make the Security Council more truly representative and the most effective way to do so is to ensure the democratic are always being practiced.
  • Effectiveness
An effective UN must spend the hard-earned contributions of its members with smart and fairly. Carefully targeted spending to achieve beneficial goals is wise. The United State of America has giving contribution with voluntarily by helping the developing countries strengthen their economies. They are harnessing market forces, attacking corruption, and consolidating the rule of law.

  • Stewardship of financial resources
Every nation should work to ensure that the UN spends every dollar in the right way. For instance, Russia’s strived to maintain fiscal discipline in the UN. The push by Australia and others to end unsuccessful and outdated UN activities is timely. Stewardship requires that the intended beneficiaries of UN programs, in fact, do benefit. It requires poorly performing agencies to improve by freeing up resources better spent elsewhere to help those in needs around the world. 

  • Modernization
As the European Union expands and tried to integrate its foreign policy into a single voice, the composition of the Western European and Other States Group (WEOG) and the Eastern European Group may be increasingly questioned, with some of the EU's future 25 members in both groups. As regional groups make unfortunate leadership choices, such as occurred when Libya was elected to chair the Commission on Human Rights, the entire system of regional bloc voting may also come under increased scrutiny.

·        Credibility
All members should comply the purposes of UN bodies. This means that a mode of rule that threatens its neighbors to support terrorism, and abuses the rights of its citizens should be disqualified for Security Council membership. It means that members of the Commission on Human Rights should utilized liberty and the rule of law. It also means that Security Council permission should count: nations under them should be ineligible for elected seats or leadership positions on any UN body.

  • Freedom
    Advancing freedom should instilled everything the UN does, for liberty is essential to every significant human right issues attempt- whether it is helping ordinary men and women achieve dignity, lifting whole societies out of poverty, creating the life-saving technologies that will reduce disease and hunger, or creating the foundation for domestic and international peace.
Hoe Choon:


Movie that included the UN ideas in the story
            Besides Civil War, there is another movie that related with United Nation, which is the "LONDON HAS FALLEN"!!!... Here's the summary of movie.
        Several years after Banning saved President Asher from an attack on the White House in "Olympus Has Fallen", he’s forced into action once more during a visit to London as the city comes under attack from an arms dealer hell-bent on seeking revenge for the death of his family at the hands of the United Nations.
            First, all of the major world leaders from across the globe are in one place to join prominent world leaders for Wilson's state funeral (British Prime Minister). Which is united nation country prime minister had to attend. The terrorist wants to execute the President of the United States as a show of strength against the world. Moreover,  As the dignitaries are arriving, several mercenaries under Barkawi's command initiate an attack, starting with a bomb that destroys the Canadian Prime Minister's limo as it passes through Trafalgar square. So that terrorist start their first terror attack killing Canadian Prime Ministers and his wife. Followed Japanese Prime Minister killed by suicide bomber, French President killed by perishes in a huge bomb blast, Italian Prime Minister and his wife are killed when one of Westminster Abbey's bell towers is demolished while they are touring it, and the German Chancellor is shot dead by terrorists posing as Queen's Guardsmen at Buckingham Palace.
            Furthermore, there is one man stop terrorist Kidnap united states Prime Minister. That man is once again Secret Service Agent Mike Banning. Otherwise, Mike Banning gets away. But the ones behind the attack still pursue them. They try to get away in the President's helicopter but they manage to shoot it down. The President and Banning are now on foot and are trying to find a safe haven. But Prime Minister still get caught by terrorist. Secret Service Agent Mike Banning want to Rescued his Minister from terrorist and his cooperate with British Army and find out terrorists' secret headquarters. Thus, found out and the terrorist prepares to execute Asher publicly (US Prime Minister), broadcasting the video feed live around the world via the internet and hacked video outlets. Meanwhile, Mike has been found by a unit of SAS commandos, and the group assaults the terrorist stronghold in an attempt to rescue Prime Minister. A moment of that terrorist beats Prime Minister and preparing to behead him with a machete, Mike bursts in and shoots the gathered terrorists. Although the terrorist leader ultimately manages to flee and the prime minister is success to rescued by Mike.

References:
China&UN. (n.d.). the role of the united nation. [online] Available at: http://www.china-un.org/eng/zghlhg/zzhgg/t29436.htm [Accessed 5 May 2016].

Kim, R. (2003). The Challenges Facing the United Nations Today: An American View. [Online]. 2003. Council on Foreign Relations. Available from: http://www.cfr.org/international-organizations-and-alliances/challenges-facing-united-nations-today-american-view/p6451. [Accessed: 5 May 2016].

mofa.gov. (n.d.). Section 4. Roles of the United Nations and Other International Organizations, and Japan's Cooperation. [online] Available at: http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/other/bluebook/1990/1990-2-4.htm [Accessed 5 May 2016].

UNITED NATIONS (2016). Overview [online]. Available at: http://www.un.org/en/sections/about-un/overview/index.html [Accessed 5 May 2016]

united nation peacekeeping. (n.d.). role of the security council. [online] Available at: http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/operations/rolesc.shtml [Accessed 5 May 2016].

UNITED NATIONS (2016). Funds, Programmes, Specialized Agencies and Others [online]. Available at: http://www.un.org/en/sections/about-un/funds-programmes-specialized-agencies-and-others/index.html [Accessed 5 May 2016]

Your Article Library. (n.d.). United Nations: Objectives and Roles of United Nations. [online] Available at: http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/uno/united-nations-objectives-and-roles-of-united-nations/40332/ [Accessed 4 May 2016].


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